Data Coverage

Civly data sources and coverage

Civly combines licensed voter data, federal and state campaign-finance records, court and corporate filings, watchlists, and social and media coverage in one searchable platform.

4.2Brecords under one roof
180+distinct data sources
19 + DCstate voter files
96.9Mregistered voters on file
350M+FEC contribution records
69.2Mstate legislative votes
10.7MU.S. court opinions
40+screening watchlists
14social platforms
7,272municipal meetings transcribed
4TV news channels captured 24/7
15.0Mfoundation grants searchable
476Mresearch papers (OpenAlex)
358Division I athletics programs

Civly datasets also ship on the Snowflake Marketplace.

What's in what service

Data available across six services

Civly is an AI intelligence platform for campaigns, committees, and partners. Every service draws on the same unified data — here's what each one powers.

The Voter File

Inside Civly’s state voter files

Civly loads official voter files directly from the states — 19 states and DC, 96.9 million registered voters, with their vote history, refreshed as each state publishes. Mobiles and emails can be added from vetted data partners and matched to each voter. One schema across every state, so a list built in one state works the same way in the next.

What's on the recordWhat it covers
States on fileArkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, DC, Florida, Idaho, Kansas, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont and Washington, each loaded from the state’s own file.
Registration & statusRegistration date and status, and party in the states that register by party.
Vote historyWhether each voter turned out in past primaries and general elections, as far back as each state publishes: 546 million rows of vote history.
Mobiles & emailsCell phones and emails added from vetted data partners and matched to each voter, alongside any phone or email the state publishes on the file.
AddressesResidential and mailing addresses from the state file, standardized and mapped to each voter’s precinct.
DemographicsAge and gender where the state publishes them, and race where the state records it. Where a file carries no birth dates, ages are estimated and labeled as estimates.
District assignmentsCongressional, state senate, state house, county and precinct, as the state assigns them.
Party & turnout estimatesWhere a state records no party, each voter gets an estimated party, marked as estimated. In Ohio, party comes from the primary ballots each voter chose. The Civly Turnout Score rates each voter’s likelihood to vote in 11 states.
Neighborhood & censusCensus and geographic detail around each household, with population, income, education and housing by district and county from the Census Bureau’s 2024 five-year American Community Survey.
The Source Catalog

Data sources by category

180+ data sources across finance, voting, court, wealth, influence, risk, media, nonprofit funding, and college athletics — grouped below into the families you would search them by, and normalized so you can search them together.

01

Money & Elections

Campaign finance
SourceWhat it is
Federal (FEC)Every federal contribution, committee, candidate, and expenditure. More than 350 million contribution records.
State & localCampaign-finance filings from nearly all 50 states, plus local jurisdictions — pulled directly from official government portals and refreshed automatically as new filings post. New Hampshire is refreshed daily, 2016 to the present. Where no statewide system covers a local race, county portals are ingested directly. Spending is covered alongside giving — Kansas expenditure filings are loaded, including the scanned paper filings, read column by column so payee names come through clean. See what union political money buys →
527 political groupsGroups that raise and spend without limit and report to the IRS: 9.7 million contributions ($13.58 billion) with contributor employer and occupation, and 8.2 million expenditures with their purpose, 2001 to 2026. Electronic filings only.
Behested paymentsPayments made at an official's request, on the public disclosure record. Statewide, plus the separate city filings for Los Angeles and Oakland.
CrowdfundingGoFundMe and GiveSendGo campaigns tied to a subject, with their donors.
Legislature & votes
SourceWhat it is
State legislation & votesBills, legislators, and the recorded floor votes of all 50 state legislatures — 69.2 million individual vote records across 1.38 million roll calls, covering 1.62 million bills, plus 184,000 indexed committee hearings.
Congressional hearingsGovInfo hearing transcripts since 1995: a member’s own statements, and anyone’s appearances as a witness, checked against the Congress.gov witness list. Passages are cited as entered into the hearing record.
Committee testimonyWho testified on a bill and on which side, from the hearing record. Live in Ohio, with more states to follow.
Floor amendments & motionsAmendments and tabling motions pulled from the chamber journals — the procedural votes that decide what a bill becomes. Recorded votes on resolutions filed under a bill number are read from the journals as well. Live in Ohio, with more states to follow.
Federal bills & votesEvery federal bill since 2003 and roll-call votes, with a legislative-effectiveness score for each member.
Congressional RecordFloor statements by members of Congress, 1994 to the present — the largest body of attributable, on-the-record material a member leaves behind. Statements are bound to the member by official identifier, so each statement belongs to the right legislator. Each extract is labeled as entered into the Record, because members can insert remarks they did not deliver on the floor.
Congressional earmarksThe community projects members of Congress directed spending to in the fiscal 2022 to 2024 appropriations, as tracked by GAO, with the requesting member named and obligations and outlays kept distinct from the amount appropriated.
The electorate
SourceWhat it is
PollingAggregated public polls plus independent race ratings.
Prediction marketsLive implied win probabilities from Polymarket and Kalshi.
Election results & historyOfficial state canvass data running 2020 through 2026, covering every office on the ballot — in the 2022 and 2024 cycles alone, 39,739 races and 131,005 candidacies across all 50 states and DC, drawn out of 30.7 million precinct-level rows. Candidate names are indexed, so what a person has won or lost is one lookup. Multi-seat races are reported as multi-seat races, and write-ins and bookkeeping lines are left out of the candidacy count. See which courthouse elections had no opponent →
Election schedulesThe forward-looking counterpart to certified results: which offices are up for election in a given state and year, in all fifty states. Five states publish an offices-by-year chart and were transcribed directly; for the rest the schedule is built only from checkable facts — federal offices, governor, and legislature, with legislative cycles derived from term length and whether a chamber turns over all at once or half at a time. County offices are read from the state constitution in Texas, from statute for Michigan's county commissioners, and for Colorado's county clerks. Gaps are stated per state and per office.
Candidate filingsThe 2026 candidate lists state election offices publish, read in 11 states: North Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, Colorado, New Hampshire, Maine, South Carolina, Idaho, Utah, Florida and West Virginia. Each candidate carries party, filing date and withdrawal status, and every download is kept, so a candidate who drops out stays on record.
Ballot measuresCertified ballot-measure results computed per legislative district from the state's own canvass, with the passage threshold and precinct membership handled in code. Live in Ohio, with more states to follow.
Political adsGoogle political-ad transparency (advertisers, spend, and creatives) and the Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn and TikTok ad libraries, plus the stations’ own FCC political files: 969 stations harvested in 54 markets across 11 states, with filed reservations read for who bought time, in which markets, at what gross cost, and for which flight dates. Cable orders come from Spectrum’s Ohio political files.
Organizing eventsMobilize organizations and events, 16,293 organizations, kept with their history so past events and removed or changed listings stay on record.
Local governmentCouncil and commission meeting records: hundreds of thousands of agenda matters and minutes.
Municipal meeting videoTranscribed, speaker-labeled video of 7,272 city and county meetings across 22 states, 2008–2026 — roughly 1.3 million searchable passages, each linked to the exact moment in the source video.
02

Capacity: wealth, assets & giving

Giving & wealth
SourceWhat it is
Charitable giftsMajor philanthropic gifts, university and museum honor rolls, and the Forbes 400, plus the donor acknowledgement pages of selected nonprofits, where a listed name is treated as a lead.
Securities holdingsSEC filings: institutional 13F holdings, insider trades, private placements, and adviser records, plus FINRA BrokerCheck records for registered brokers.
Congressional financesMember stock trades and net-worth estimates, plus the annual financial disclosures filed by both chambers, refreshed on a schedule. The 2025 Senate filings are in: 104 reports, 97 senators, 7,304 assets. Amended filings are kept alongside the original, so the figure you see is the amended one.
Foundation grants15.0 million grants read out of IRS filings and made searchable — 9,998,426 paid out by private foundations (990-PF) and 4,997,171 reported by the nonprofits that received them (990 Schedule I). Searchable three ways: what one funder has paid out, what one organization has taken in, and an open search by purpose, recipient state, amount band and year. Private-foundation contributors carry donor geography, enough to find the overlap between a subject's charitable giving and their political giving. See Grant Matching →
Who can apply, and by whenRead off the filings themselves: whether a funder accepts unsolicited requests at all — 69% of private foundations state that they only fund organizations they have already chosen — who to address a request to, the deadline, and the geography and field a funder restricts awards to. Where a foundation publishes application terms on its own website, those are read too, after the site is proved to belong to that foundation; that scan covers all 6,014 community foundations. 8,971 private foundations state on their latest return that they do accept unsolicited requests, and each one is published with what it paid out last year, its deadline and contact as filed, and the trustees who decide. Browse the Open Foundations explorer →
Open federal opportunitiesA live feed of federal grant notices, run alongside the filings because a tax return describes a cycle that has already closed: 1,690 notices, 537 of them open to a 501(c)(3), 97% carrying a hard closing date. Sortable by deadline, so what is about to close surfaces first.
Calls, conferences & awardsConferences, awards, pitch competitions and requests for proposals worth applying to, with the closing date read off the call page itself. Built from the noticeboards where solicitations are published, and refreshed weekly. Something passed on stops being suggested; something left unfinished returns once a new deadline is posted.
Nonprofit leadershipNonprofit officers, directors, and key-employee compensation from IRS 990 filings. Tens of millions of records, plus revenue, contributions, expenses, salaries and net assets from every full Form 990, about 400,000 a year. Three further schedules are read from the same filings: related organizations, transactions with interested persons, and political and lobbying activity.
Tax-exempt statusEvery organization the IRS recognizes as exempt, 1.96 million of them, with its type (501(c)(3), (c)(4) and the rest), whether gifts to it are deductible, 1.25 million revocations with reinstatements, and the e-Postcards small organizations file.
Physician paymentsPharmaceutical and device-maker payments to physicians, from CMS Open Payments — 105.7 million records, 2018 through 2025.
Provider directoryThe full national registry every health-care provider is enrolled in (NPPES), including deactivated numbers, other names and practice locations, refreshed monthly.
Medicare prescribingPart D prescribing totals for each clinician, 2023 and 2024 (1.42 million prescribers in 2024), linked by provider number to the provider directory and physician payments. Totals only; no individual drugs are named.
Clinical trialsThe ClinicalTrials.gov registry: 604,950 studies and 1,015,517 named investigators. A study is tied to a doctor or researcher only when one of its sites is in their state.
PublicationsCivly’s own full copy of OpenAlex, the public catalog of the world’s research: 132 million researchers, 476 million papers, 857 million researcher-to-paper links, 17.1 million grants, about 257,000 journals and repositories, 136,000 institutions, 45,700 funders, 10,700 publishers and 4,500 research topics. A subject’s record is checked against ORCID, Crossref and PubMed, with retractions, each paper’s funders and the grants they led.
Public payrollsNamed public-employee salaries, including 516,447 Georgia salaries for fiscal 2025, about 155,000 Texas employees and 105,313 Florida employees.
College finances & enrollmentFinances, staffing and fall enrollment for every college in the federal IPEDS survey — public, nonprofit and for-profit — from the 2024 survey year, with each school read on its own accounting form.
School district financesCensus revenue, spending, debt and enrollment for about 14,100 school districts a year, fiscal 2020 through 2024.
Research awardsNIH awards for fiscal 2023 through 2025 alongside NSF awards, keyed by application and fiscal year, so each subproject rolls up to its award. Award money is reported as the institution’s.
Federal disbursementsSBA PPP loans and USDA farm-subsidy payments, plus every SBA 7(a) and 504 loan approved since fiscal 1991 — 2.2 million loans with their reported status — and every award in the Federal Audit Clearinghouse since audit year 2016, 7.3 million award rows, each naming the entity the money passed through, so funding that arrived by way of a state or a parent nonprofit reads as such.
Employer benefit plansForm 5500 filings and their financial schedules for every employer benefit plan reported to the Labor Department — 2.7 million filings, refreshed monthly.
Assets & ownership
SourceWhat it is
Corporate familiesGlobal legal-entity registry with parent and subsidiary links, plus state corporate registries — including New York, Colorado, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and Oregon — for business registrations, officer roles, and sole-proprietor status. Millions of entities.
UK companies & ownersThe UK company register and its beneficial-owner filings — the named people with significant control behind a British entity. Directorships are read from the live Companies House officer register and confirmed against birth year, with every company relationship listed one at a time.
Property ownershipThe statewide assessor and GIS files states publish on every parcel: 54.0 million records loaded across 24 states and DC, from Florida’s 10.8 million on down, each stamped with its own as-of date, with the biggest counties loaded where a state publishes no single file. Every row carries who owns the parcel, where the tax bill is mailed, the sale dates and prices where the state publishes them, and the county’s assessed and market values. A namesake stays a disclosed lead, and property held through an LLC or a trust is attached only when the entity can be tied to the subject. Homestead flags and the owner’s mailing address are kept, so a primary-residence claim in two states at once, or a tax bill mailed outside the district, is in the record.
Deeds, liens & foreclosuresRegistry of Deeds filings matched to the subject (deeds, liens, judgments and foreclosures), live in Maine, with sales and mortgage history from transfer records in Indiana (since July 2008), Cook County, Illinois, and Vermont.
Patents & trademarksThe federal intellectual-property record, 77 million records: granted patents and registered trademarks with the full ownership chain behind each, patent applications including the ones that never issued, roughly 12 million ownership transfers since 1970 naming both sides of a deal, and trademark disputes — who fought a subject over a brand, and whose brands the subject went after.
LiensUCC secured-lending filings in Connecticut (803,405), with Colorado next, plus New York tax warrants since July 2025 and Florida’s federal tax-lien registry since 2007.
Aircraft & vesselsFAA aircraft and airmen, Coast Guard documented vessels, and live private-jet tracking.
Motor carriersFMCSA carrier registrations.
Hospitals & nursing homesOwnership and control of every Medicare-enrolled hospital, down to the individual owner, officer, director and managing employee — 9,161 enrollments — plus nursing-home providers with their ownership, health deficiencies and penalties, plus hospice (70,444) and home-health (101,188) ownership records and hospital and nursing-facility ownership changes since 2016, from monthly CMS snapshots. A management role is kept distinct from an equity stake.
Banks & branchesEvery FDIC-insured institution and branch, with quarterly financials for 2025 and 2026 to date, keyed so a bank and its Federal Reserve identity stay linked.
Power plants & utilitiesUtilities, plants, generators and their owners from the EIA-860 survey, 2024 release, with operating, proposed and retired capacity kept separate.
Assisted housingHUD multifamily properties with their financing, assistance contracts, contract rents, inspection scores and Section 202 loans, from the September 2026 snapshots.
Federal leasesEvery building the federal government leases, from GSA’s monthly inventory (about 7,500 leases), naming the landlord, address, term and annual rent.
03

Legal, court & regulatory

SourceWhat it is
Court opinionsMore than 10.7 million U.S. court opinions, full text and searchable.
Dockets & judgesCase dockets, judge profiles, and judicial financial disclosures.
Judicial vacancies & appointmentsVacancies and appointments to the bench across eight states, with the election each appointed judge eventually has to face worked out from that state's own rules. Each refresh reports what changed since the last one.
State civil & family docketsCivil dockets (lawsuits, judgments, evictions and foreclosures) from free statewide court portals in 15 states, plus news coverage of cases elsewhere. Family and private matters are withheld.
Marriage recordsAbout 19.5 million government marriage index records: Texas from 1966, New York City, Connecticut, Nebraska, Wisconsin, South Dakota and Idaho, with both spouses’ names and the marriage date.
State human-rights commissionsDiscrimination and civil-rights complaints resolved at the state level — a record that sits outside the court system entirely.
Litigation lookupLitigation history tied to a person or entity.
Land use & permits2.9 million permit and environmental-review cases: FAA filings for towers and tall structures back to 1972, New York DEC permits, California environmental reviews, Army Corps permits, and Vermont and Delaware land-use cases.
EnvironmentalEPA facility enforcement and violations, plus the Toxics Release Inventory for 2024 — one record per reporting form with the parent company named. Releases are labeled as reports.
Workplace safetyOSHA inspections, violations, and accidents — down to the per-person injury detail behind an incident.
Labor relationsNLRB cases and representation-election tallies filed or issued in 2025 and 2026, with each case’s disposition, and a revised tally counted with its original election.
Foreign-labor applicationsThe labor-condition and permanent-labor-certification applications employers file to hire foreign workers, with worksites and proposed wages, fiscal 2026 to date.
Layoff noticesCalifornia WARN notices, with the notice, processing and effective dates kept separate.
Product recallsCPSC recalls and FDA enforcement reports for food, drugs and devices, with status, classification and dates preserved, plus 176,223 FDA 510(k) device clearances.
Campus safetyThe crime statistics every college reports under the Clery Act, by campus, category and year, with overlapping categories reported side by side.
Consumer complaintsThe CFPB consumer-complaint database, refreshed monthly. 17.6 million records.
Federal rulemakingFederal Register rules, notices, and presidential documents.
04

Influence: lobbying & contracts

SourceWhat it is
Federal lobbyingLobbying Disclosure Act filings, clients, and lobbyists. Nearly 2 million filings, plus the lobbyists’ own political contribution reports (LD-203), more than 656,000 rows.
Foreign agentsFARA registrations: the people and firms registered to represent foreign governments and parties in the U.S.
Union financesLabor Department LM-2, LM-3 and LM-4 reports with membership, finances and officers, about 19,000 filings and 176,000 officer rows a year. It is the only record that names a local’s business manager.
Privately funded travelThe Senate’s index of privately sponsored trips, 1,955 filings from 2022 on, with filer, office, dates and a link to each filing.
White House visitor logs7.7 million Obama- and Biden-era access records, Biden through August 2024. Each record is an access request.
State lobbyingLobbyist registrations and expenditures in California, New York, Washington, Colorado, Texas, Illinois and Ohio, plus bill-level registrations — which employers lobbied a specific bill, cross-referenced against the subject's donor list. California alone carries 124,797 registrations, 650,345 relationships and 694,788 payments. Bill-level coverage is live in Ohio. City and county lobbyist registries for Chicago, New York City, Los Angeles, Austin, Dallas and Cook County, plus NYC Doing Business.
Government contractsFederal contracts from USAspending for all 11 fiscal years, 66.9 million transactions rolled up to one row per contract, plus federal grants, loans and direct payments, with PPP loans labeled, and subawards to follow. State and local procurement in California, New York, Texas, DC, Delaware, Oregon, Washington, Virginia, Vermont, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, New Mexico, Montana, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Nevada, Louisiana and Florida, including New York’s local authorities, industrial development agencies, local development corporations and the MTA, with more states to follow.
Contractor licenses1.9 million licensed contractors and their principals in Texas, Washington, Florida, Connecticut, Oregon, and Virginia, plus 1.3 million Washington public-works records.
Professional licensesState professional and occupational licenses with their status and any recorded discipline, about 14 million records across Illinois, Texas, Connecticut, Colorado, New York and Ohio (2.4 million Ohio records across 24 boards), plus New York attorney registrations, Texas insurance licensees and Texas notaries.
Development incentivesNew York industrial-development-agency projects: the applicant, the project, its cost, the tax exemptions and PILOT payments granted, and the jobs promised against the jobs reported.
Federal registrantsThe SAM.gov registry of federal contractors and grantees.
Federal buying signalsEvery open federal contract notice on SAM.gov, agency purchase forecasts (more than 12,500) and GSA CALC+ ceiling labor rates (more than 330,000).
E-RateUSAC E-Rate school and library telecom bids, 1.31 million funding requests, their line items and the consultants on each application, funding years 2016 to 2027.
05

Risk: screening & due diligence

SourceWhat it is
SanctionsThe U.S. Consolidated Screening List of twelve government lists, plus federal exclusions, screened in real time.
Adverse actionsHealth-care exclusions, FBI Most Wanted, FDA debarments, UN sanctions, Federal Reserve, OCC (6,066 actions since 1987) and FEC enforcement, and Medicaid exclusion lists from 23 states.
Audit findingsAuditors’ findings against organizations that spend federal money: 413,000 single audits since 2016 and 146,000 findings. Clean audits are kept, so “nothing found” and “no record” read differently.
Offshore LeaksThe ICIJ’s Panama, Paradise and Pandora Papers databases, more than 800,000 entities.
Charity standingCalifornia’s dated register of charities that may not operate or solicit, and the fundraiser campaign reports filed with the Attorney General. Standing is reported as a registration status.
ProsecutionsA searchable archive of Department of Justice press releases. More than 268,000 documents, plus FTC, CFPB and HHS Inspector General enforcement releases.
Document corpusScreening against the 383,000-document federal document release, with citations.
Extremist organizationsA reference list of 229 organizations, used to screen a subject's associations and endorsements.
Background & breachBackground-check signals and data-breach exposure checks.
06

Voice & Reach: social, media & narrative

SourceWhat it is
Social platformsCoverage across fourteen platforms: X, LinkedIn, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, Reddit, Bluesky, Substack, Truth Social, Snapchat, Rumble, Twitch, and Mastodon — with subject discovery reaching across the wider fediverse. Snapchat's pictures and video are read into words; TikTok reposts are collected and analyzed alongside original posts, which is often where someone shows what they endorse without writing a word of it; on Bluesky, posts by other people that name the subject are collected too, counted only when they also carry the subject’s handle, state or office; and Truth Social is read through the platform's own public API.
Archived pages & postsCampaign sites for the subject and opponents, captured live and from the Wayback Machine, plus the recovered text of archived posts from the subject’s own accounts.
Professional & company signalsHiring, expansion, funding, and leadership announcements from LinkedIn — the growth signals that say an organization is about to need something, pulled from the same feed as the mentions.
Podcast & radioAppearance monitoring across podcast and radio — including shows you can't name in advance — with each appearance verified against the source audio. After the fact, every clip cut from an appearance is traced back to whoever posted it, counted alongside the press pickups it drew.
TV newsFour national news channels captured around the clock and transcribed into searchable segments — every recorded hour watchable and clippable, with standing watches that surface a subject across the feed. Civly records and transcribes the broadcast itself, so the archive is Civly’s own.
ImagesEvery image on a tracked account is read and the words written on it are quoted exactly — the meme, the screenshot, the photo with a line typed across it. Facebook photos, X images, Instagram carousels and reel covers, TikTok, Mastodon, Truth Social and Bluesky attachments, with no ceiling on how many an account can carry.
Video & audioVideo is watched start to finish: TikTok clips, Instagram reels, X native video and YouTube, with the spoken audio in the same pass. Diarized transcription labels who said what, so quotes are attributed to the right speaker, and video with no captions is transcribed from its audio. Anything that could not be read — a private or region-locked video, a clip too large to send — is counted and named.
Influencers & journalistsDiscovery and search for creators and reporters by topic and reach.
News & pressGlobal news and press coverage, current and archived, plus 438 local news sites across all 50 states, Spanish-language outlets including Univision and Telemundo, and more than 270,000 stories from nonprofit statehouse newsrooms.
Published fact checksThird-party fact checks of a subject from PolitiFact, FactCheck.org, The Washington Post, Snopes, AP and others, through Google’s fact-check index. The rating is always labeled as the publisher’s.
Business reviewsGoogle Maps, Yelp and Facebook reviews, with every review kept and sortable by rating, plus Glassdoor employer reviews.
AI narrativeWhat ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Perplexity, Grok, Google AI Overviews, and Google AI Mode say about a subject, graded across all seven.
07

Contact & identity enrichment

Turn a name into a verified way to reach the person.

CapabilityWhat it does
Verified mobileCell numbers from vetted data partners, matched to the person’s identity, or the field ships empty.
Phone identity matchConfirms a phone belongs to the named person before you dial.
Email verificationDeliverability-checked business and personal email.
Address standardizationValidated, standardized mailing addresses.
Contact appendA personal email and cell phone added to a donor list from a name and a street address. An email ships only when it passes a deliverability check, and a phone only when a carrier line check confirms it is a working cell. Landlines, internet phones and disconnected or flagged numbers are withheld, and nothing withheld is charged. Each match is to the individual, and every answer is kept for six months so no one is looked up twice.
LinkedIn profile matchThe confirmed LinkedIn profile behind a name — current title, employer, seniority, and tenure. The primary source behind lead scoring, B2B targeting, and professional capacity signals.
Professional contactsBusiness-contact enrichment for organizational outreach.
08

College athletics: money & athletes

SourceWhat it is
Athletic department financesRevenues and expenses per team from the federal Equity in Athletics survey every college taking federal student aid files annually — 2007–2025, so a program can be measured against its own history as well as its rivals. Every college that takes federal student aid has to file, so private universities are covered too.
Booster foundations & NIL collectivesThe nonprofits that fund a program, linked to the program they fund — a connection no public record makes. 63 organizations named across 54 of 358 Division I programs, $1.79 billion raised across their most recent IRS filings. Read the analysis →
Program documents & sponsorsAthletics documents and contracts a university publishes, starting with North Carolina, and corporate sponsor listings, starting with Penn State, with document versions tracked so only the current contract is quoted. Sponsorships are listed as the institution’s.
Rosters & athlete productionSchool rosters and per-athlete season statistics, stored exactly as published so any figure traces back to its source. The inputs behind a NIL valuation and the school comparisons around it.
Recruiting & team strengthRecruiting classes and team-strength ratings for college football, and tempo-adjusted ratings for college basketball, loaded from published bulk files. The 2026 class carries 4,453 recruits with 68 five-stars and a numeric grade on 79% of them; 2025 carries 4,171. The transfer portal is not included.
Hockey moves & gymnastics news12,368 college hockey player moves (commitments to NCAA programs, pro signings, retirements and transfers, each labeled confirmed or rumor) and 6,937 college gymnastics stories since 2015, each linked to its source.
Season records and coachesWin-loss records for every season of both sports, counting only games actually played, so a team three games into a year reads 3–0. Coach biographies sit alongside them.
Historical archiveThe college football and basketball archives, mirrored and kept current. Basketball reaches furthest back: teams to 1893, games and rankings to 1949–50, rosters from 2003; football’s play-level detail starts in 2001.
European professional rostersRosters from the European professional leagues, where many draft prospects play before the draft.
Cross-source athlete identifiers10,902 identifiers linking an athlete to the outside databases — 6,627 with a Sports-Reference page, 3,493 with a RealGM page — each carrying the confidence of the match and the reason behind it. Each match needs a second fact that agrees with the name, such as birth date, birth city, or both sport and school. Only hard-evidence matches publish unqualified; the rest travel with their grade attached.
Program identityEvery Division I program's mascot and naming variants, so a collective named after neither its school nor its mascot still resolves to the program it funds — the join that surfaced booster foundations no existing list carried.
High-school eligibility & NIL rulesAll 51 state high-school associations are tracked. Where an association publishes its NIL rule on a web page, that page is checked daily — 16 states so far. Where the rule lives only inside a handbook PDF, the rule is extracted from the PDF; any state we cannot resolve is recorded as unresolved, with the reason.
Athlete agent registersState registers of licensed athlete agents. Live in Texas, with more states to follow.
Fan forumsSchool message boards, resolved from the athlete’s own school, so coverage travels with the subject. Where no board is known for a school, the report says so.
How the data gets clean

How records are checked and linked

Public data arrives messy — a city field with a ZIP code sitting in it, a dollar amount that is really a date, the same donor spelled four ways in four states. Seven steps stand between the raw filing and the answer you get. Walk one contribution record through them.

Step 1

Preserve original source records

Every source is pulled from the government portal or the record of origin and stored exactly as it was filed. All the cleaning that follows happens in a layer above that table.

  • The raw filing stays as filed. Corrections live separately, so they can be reviewed, reversed, and re-run.
  • Rows we exclude from a total stay fully searchable in the source table. Nothing disappears.
  • Every number in a report traces back to the untouched row it came from.
Step 2

Field cleaning

Dates, dollar amounts, names, and free text are parsed and checked on the way in. A value that cannot be real is emptied.

  • An eight-digit number in an amount column, such as 20260114, is a date. It gets rejected.
  • Dates outside a plausible range, such as 1902 or 2087, are dropped.
  • Export artifacts — stray carets, null bytes, doubled spaces, trailing commas — are stripped out of names and text.
  • Titles typed into the first-name box (MR, DR, JR, III) are emptied, so no one becomes a person named “Mr.”
  • Placeholder employers (N/A, NONE, SELF) are emptied so they cannot climb a list of top employers.
Step 3

Address and location checks

City and state are the dirtiest fields in public filings and the two people filter on most, so they get a pass of their own. Filers type an address into a city box; a state box collects everything from n.c. to nothing at all.

  • State codes are validated against the real list of states, territories, and military codes. Anything else is emptied, not kept.
  • ZIP codes, state abbreviations, country suffixes, and repeated names get stripped out of the city field: burnsvile nc 28714, becomes Burnsvile.
  • Redacted and placeholder cities — REDACTED BY SOS, N/A, SAME, VARIOUS — are emptied.
  • Then fuzzy matching finds the misspellings of a city that already exists and maps them onto the canonical name. Each correction is recorded in a table, so it is reviewable and applies to every future load automatically.
  • With deliberate exceptions, because a blunt rule does damage: Rocky Mt keeps its Mt.
  • Where a source ships the whole address as one blob and no city or state at all — the private-foundation giving file does exactly that — we parse them back out. 99% of that file now carries a valid state code, so it can be filtered by geography.
Step 4

Text classification

Occupation and employer are typed by hand by millions of filers, so the same job arrives spelled a hundred ways. Every distinct value is sorted once into a standard set of groups, so atty at law, Attorney, and Lawyer all filter as Legal.

  • Keyword rules handle the obvious cases, a trained model handles the rest, and a language model handles the long tail.
  • Each distinct value is classified once and cached, so the same text always gets the same answer everywhere it appears.
  • The filer’s original wording is kept next to the group. You can search either one.
Step 5

Record matching

One person turns up in dozens of filings across several states, spelled inconsistently every time. Resolving those into a single profile is the hardest step here, and the one that makes everything else worth doing.

  • Comparing every profile against every other would be roughly 500 billion comparisons, so candidates are narrowed first — by sound-alike surname, state, city, and initials — before anything is scored.
  • A trained statistical model then scores each pair and returns a calibrated probability that the two records are the same person.
  • The bar is set high on purpose. For compliance work, a match we miss is far safer than two people wrongly merged into one.
  • The same machinery links across sources — the philanthropist on a foundation’s filing to the political donor, the licensed professional to the donor record, the booster nonprofit to the athletic program it funds. Those joins are the connections no single public record makes.
Step 6

Fast search and queries

Clean data nobody can query is not much use. The last mile is a serving layer built so a question that touches hundreds of millions of rows still answers while you wait.

  • 59 separate state and local contribution tables stack into one national table of more than 190 million records, then get snapshotted so a name lookup does not have to scan all of them.
  • Pre-computed summary tables sit behind every filter and autocomplete. On one 13.7-million-row table, listing the distinct cities went from 5.2 seconds to 5 milliseconds.
  • Indexes are built for the way people actually search: partial and misspelled text, most recent first.
  • Nightly, roughly 290 tables are written out as columnar Parquet files and queried with DuckDB. That is what lets a question spanning several sources at once return in seconds — and those same files are what a bulk export ships to your bucket.
Step 7

Access controls

All of the above is enforced by automated tests, because the failures that matter are the quiet ones: a bad row that makes a total look plausible but wrong.

  • A single contribution of $100 million or more is excluded from every donor total. Illinois once filed a $400,164,048 individual contribution — one typo that would otherwise have made that filer the largest donor in the entire database, ahead of every real megadonor in America.
  • That ceiling sits deliberately above the largest real contribution ever recorded, and a test fails if anyone lowers it into the range where genuine self-funders live.
  • A coverage test fails the build if a newly loaded state is not wired into the national view, so new data cannot go quietly missing.
  • And before research ships, a person reads it. AI accelerates the search; analysts confirm the facts.
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Data

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Bulk

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The entire research database delivered as Parquet to your own secure bucket.

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