Snowflake Marketplace

US Physician Payments 2018–2024 (OpenPayments)

Data documentation for the Civly listing on the Snowflake Marketplace: what’s in it, how it’s structured, and how to query it once installed.

88.3Mpayment records
USD 78.3Btracked payments
7program years, 2018–2024
35columns on every record
About this dataset

What’s in the listing

Civly compiles public records into analytics-ready datasets. This product is the CMS OpenPayments record of pharmaceutical and device-maker payments to US physicians for program years 2018 through 2024, cleaned and deduplicated. Every payment record is joined to the physician’s National Provider Identifier (NPI) and a normalized recipient name, with payer, amount, date, form and nature of payment, and the associated drug or device product with NDC where reported.

Common uses: compliance screening, conflict-of-interest checks, life-sciences market research, and investigative work. Data refreshes weekly, and every record carries source attribution and a refresh date.

FactDetail
Total records88,254,652 payments (2018–2024), covering USD 78.3 billion in tracked payments
Trial listingComplete 2024 program year — 16,146,544 records
Full datasetAll seven program years, 2018–2024, available by subscription
SourceCMS OpenPayments (United States federal open data), cleaned and normalized by Civly
RefreshWeekly
Geographic coverageUnited States
Primary key for joinsCOVERED_RECIPIENT_NPI (physician NPI)
Coverage

Payment volume by program year

Program yearPayment recordsTotal USD
201811,735,6049,965,703,222
201911,368,49610,881,840,545
20206,613,5569,653,624,557
202112,292,01911,503,586,488
202214,313,57612,232,222,104
202315,784,85712,072,032,300
202416,146,54411,955,600,779
Schema

Data dictionary — PAYMENTS.PAYMENTS_2024 (trial) / PAYMENTS.PAYMENTS (full)

The trial view and the full table share the same 35 columns. Column names are uppercase.

ColumnTypeDescription
IDNUMBERCivly internal row identifier
SOURCE_DATASET_IDVARCHARCivly source dataset identifier
PAYMENT_CATEGORYVARCHAROpenPayments category, e.g. general or research
RECORD_IDVARCHARCMS OpenPayments record identifier
PROGRAM_YEARNUMBEROpenPayments program year (2018–2024)
COVERED_RECIPIENT_NPIVARCHARPhysician National Provider Identifier (NPI)
COVERED_RECIPIENT_PROFILE_IDVARCHARCMS OpenPayments physician profile identifier
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR_NPIVARCHARNPI of research principal investigator, where applicable
RECIPIENT_FIRST_NAMEVARCHARPhysician first name as filed
RECIPIENT_MIDDLE_NAMEVARCHARPhysician middle name as filed
RECIPIENT_LAST_NAMEVARCHARPhysician last name as filed
RECIPIENT_NORM_NAMEVARCHARNormalized physician name for matching
RECIPIENT_ENTITY_NAMEVARCHARReceiving institution or entity, where applicable
RECIPIENT_CITYVARCHARPhysician city
RECIPIENT_STATEVARCHARPhysician state
RECIPIENT_ZIP_CODEVARCHARPhysician ZIP code
RECIPIENT_PRIMARY_TYPEVARCHARRecipient type, e.g. MD, DO, dentist
RECIPIENT_SPECIALTYVARCHARPhysician specialty as filed
PAYER_IDVARCHARCMS applicable manufacturer (payer) identifier
PAYER_NAMEVARCHARPaying company name
PAYER_STATEVARCHARPayer state
PAYER_COUNTRYVARCHARPayer country
TOTAL_AMOUNT_USDNUMBERPayment amount in USD
PAYMENT_DATEDATEDate of payment
NUMBER_OF_PAYMENTSNUMBERPayments aggregated in this record, where applicable
FORM_OF_PAYMENTVARCHARForm of payment, e.g. cash, stock, in-kind
NATURE_OF_PAYMENTVARCHARNature of payment, e.g. consulting fee, royalty, gift
PRODUCT_NAMEVARCHARAssociated drug or device product name
PRODUCT_NDCVARCHARProduct NDC code, where reported
NAME_OF_STUDYVARCHARResearch study name, where applicable
VALUE_OF_INTERESTNUMBERValue of ownership interest, where applicable
TERMS_OF_INTERESTVARCHARTerms of ownership interest, where applicable
PAYMENT_PUBLICATION_DATEDATECMS publication date
CREATED_ATTIMESTAMPCivly load timestamp
UPDATED_ATTIMESTAMPCivly load timestamp
Getting started

Sample queries

After installing, set your worksheet’s database selector to the installed database and these run as written.

-- Payment volume by program year (trial returns 2024 only)
SELECT PROGRAM_YEAR, COUNT(*) AS PAYMENT_RECORDS, SUM(TOTAL_AMOUNT_USD) AS TOTAL_USD
FROM PAYMENTS.PAYMENTS_2024
GROUP BY PROGRAM_YEAR ORDER BY PROGRAM_YEAR;

-- Top 10 highest-paid physicians in 2024
SELECT RECIPIENT_NORM_NAME, COVERED_RECIPIENT_NPI, RECIPIENT_SPECIALTY,
       SUM(TOTAL_AMOUNT_USD) AS TOTAL_USD
FROM PAYMENTS.PAYMENTS_2024
WHERE RECIPIENT_NORM_NAME IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY 1, 2, 3 ORDER BY TOTAL_USD DESC LIMIT 10;

-- All payments to one physician by NPI (replace with any NPI you care about)
SELECT PAYMENT_DATE, PAYER_NAME, TOTAL_AMOUNT_USD, NATURE_OF_PAYMENT, PRODUCT_NAME
FROM PAYMENTS.PAYMENTS_2024
WHERE COVERED_RECIPIENT_NPI = '1821157041'
ORDER BY PAYMENT_DATE DESC;
Provenance

Sourcing and attribution

Source data is the CMS OpenPayments program, published by the United States Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Civly cleans, deduplicates, and normalizes the records and joins them to physician NPIs. Underlying OpenPayments data is published under CMS’ open-data terms; when you publish analysis based on this dataset, credit CMS OpenPayments and Civly as compiler.

Questions about this dataset: [email protected]