Executive Due Diligence
Civly Business

Executive Vetting

Before the offer, the board seat, or the wire, know what the record actually says about the person. The Appointment Report checks the résumé against primary documents, maps the corporate and litigation footprint, and reads what they have said in public — every finding dated, sourced, graded, and reviewed by an analyst before it reaches you.

Look inside

An Appointment Report is not a search-results summary. It is a structured document — thirteen sections, every claim hyperlinked to the record behind it, every finding graded before it reaches a decision-maker. Click any section in the contents to read it.

Civly Appointment ReportThe Finalist · CFO candidate, PE-backed manufacturer · pre-offer review Illustrative
Contents · click any section
Section 01 · How to Read This Report

Every finding arrives graded — so you know what is decision-grade and what is only a lead.

VerifiedA primary document, or two independent quality sources on the same fact. Safe to raise in a board meeting or a compensation-committee memo as stated.
CorroboratedThe core fact holds, but one supporting element rests on a single source or an inference the subject could contest. Confirm the flagged element before you act on it.
UnconfirmedA credible lead with incomplete sourcing. A direction for further work — never a basis for a decision.
Exposure: HighLikely to surface publicly, and costly to your organization if it does.
Exposure: MediumDiscoverable by a determined reporter, counterparty, or activist investor. Worth a prepared answer.
Exposure: LowContext. Useful for a complete picture, not a reason to change a decision.

Findings are stated neutrally. The report does not tell you whether to hire someone — that is your judgment, and it depends on things no public record contains. It tells you what is documented, how well it is documented, and what a diligent board would want answered before the vote.

Section 02 · Bottom Line

The answer first, then the evidence.

Sources reviewed: 1,240  ·  Research cutoff stated on page one  ·  Classification: confidential

Bottom line Nothing in the public record disqualifies this candidate. Two items should be raised before the offer is signed rather than discovered after it: a two-year gap between the stated and documented start of the CFO title, and an active officer role at a second entity that does not appear on your candidate questionnaire. Both are documented. Neither is necessarily disqualifying. Both are considerably worse if someone else finds them first.

The tenure gap is small, specific, and probably explainable. The résumé states CFO from 2016. A state annual report and two dated company announcements place the title change in 2018, with a controller role before it. That is a question, not an accusation — and Section 11 contains a passage from our own sourcing that may answer it.

The undisclosed entity is most likely paperwork. A single-member consulting LLC, registered in a state the candidate left in 2021, carrying no litigation, no liens, no tax warrants, and no enforcement action. The finding is the non-disclosure on a form you asked them to complete — not the entity.

Section 03 · Identity Resolution

First we prove the record belongs to the person you are actually hiring.

The most expensive failure in automated background research is a different person with the same name. Before a single finding is written, every record is matched to the subject on corroborating attributes — address history, employer, age range, middle name, and co-appearing entities — or it is excluded and the exclusion is written down.

Matched to the subject. Two corporate officer registrations, four securities filings, a nonprofit board listing, eleven named appearances in trade press, and the professional profile — each corroborated on at least two attributes beyond the name.
×Excluded — personal bankruptcy, another state. Same first and last name, different middle initial, birth year off by nine. No address overlap. Not the subject.
×Excluded — professional license suspension. Same name, a profession the subject has never held, in a state with no address history. Not the subject.
×Excluded — criminal record. Common surname, no corroborating attribute matched. Not the subject, and it is worth saying plainly: a competent vendor should never have shown you this.

Every exclusion ships in the report with its reason. You should be able to see what we ruled out and why — not just what we kept.

Section 04 · Coverage & Scope

What we checked — including everything that came back empty.

More than a hundred distinct sources run against every subject and their documented orbit. The report names all of them and reports what each one returned, so you can tell a true null from a gap in somebody’s coverage.

Returned data · 34
  • Entity registries
  • Securities filings & insider trades
  • Court opinions & dockets
  • UCC lien filings
  • Property records
  • Nonprofit officers (IRS 990)
  • News & press archive
  • Video & audio, diarized
  • Social platforms
  • Web-archive captures
+ 24 more, each with a count
Checked — nothing found · 31
  • Consolidated Screening List
  • Federal exclusions & debarments
  • DOJ prosecution archive
  • Federal Reserve enforcement
  • EPA facility enforcement
  • OSHA inspections
  • CFPB consumer complaints
  • Federal lobbying registrations
  • SAM.gov federal registrants
  • Data-breach exposure
+ 21 more, individually confirmed
Not applicable · 19
  • CMS Open Payments
  • Aircraft & vessel registries
  • Motor-carrier registrations
  • Public-employee payrolls
  • SBA and USDA disbursements
  • State lobbying registries
  • Local government records
  • Patents & trademarks
  • TikTok — no account confirmed
+ 10 more, with the reason given

A blank space in someone else’s report could mean nothing is there — or that nobody looked. This section is the difference, and it is why a clean candidate still produces a report worth what you paid for it.

Section 05 · Career & Credential Verification

What the résumé says, next to what the record says.

ClaimStatedWhat the record showsStatus
Title & tenure, current employerCFO, 2016–presentController 2016–2018; CFO from 2018, per the state annual report and two dated announcementsDiscrepancy
Board seat, industry association2019–presentListed as a director in IRS Form 990, Part VII, every year claimedVerified
Prior role, named acquirerVP Finance, 2012–2016Named in the transaction announcement and two trade-press items in that windowVerified
“Led the $340M refinancing”Named as a participant in the announcement. The lead role is not attributed in any document we locatedUnverified
Graduate degreeMBA, 2011Consistent across a decade of independent bios and the institution’s public alumni listingCorroborated

Claims are checked against the issuing body or a primary filing wherever one is public — not against a summary that repeats the résumé. A formal registrar confirmation requires the candidate’s written authorization, so a degree corroborated from public sources is graded Corroborated and never upgraded past it.

A discrepancy is reported as a discrepancy. It is not inflated into a finding of dishonesty, and it is not quietly dropped because the candidate is the front-runner. Those are different things, and the report keeps them different.

Section 06 · Corporate & Regulatory Footprint

Every entity carrying their name — including the ones they have forgotten about.

EntityRoleStateStatus
Current employerOfficer (CFO)DEActive — disclosed
Consulting LLCSole officer and registered agentNCActive — not on your questionnaire
Property holding LLCMemberNCActive — single residential property
Prior ventureCo-officerVAAdministratively dissolved, 2019
Key detail None of the undisclosed entities carries litigation, a UCC lien, a tax warrant, or a secretary-of-state enforcement action. We checked each one and say so. The finding is the omission on a form you asked them to complete — not the entities themselves. Keeping that distinction on the page, rather than leaving the reader to make it, is the difference between diligence and innuendo.

Secured-lending filings are pulled for every entity and for the individual. Where a professional or regulatory license applies to the role, the public licensing database is checked and its status reported — including when the answer is that no license is required.

Section 07 · Litigation & Enforcement

Dockets, in every jurisdiction the address history supports.

YearRoleTypeDisposition
2020Named as officer; employer is defendantWrongful termination, former direct reportDismissed with prejudice, 2021
2017PlaintiffContract dispute with a vendorSettled; terms not public
2014Federal dockets, all districtsNo matching record
Why this matters Employment litigation naming a finance chief as an officer is common enough at this level that its existence is not a finding. What matters is the pattern, the disposition, and whether the candidate’s account of it matches the docket. Here the docket supports the account — which is worth knowing before you ask the question, not after.

Restrictive covenants — non-compete, non-solicit, garden leave — are read out of the public record where an agreement was filed as an exhibit, and flagged for your counsel where it was not. We report the exposure. We do not opine on enforceability, and any vendor who does is selling you a legal opinion they are not qualified to give.

Section 08 · On the Record

Everything they have said in public — read, not keyword-scanned.

Conference panels, earnings calls, podcast appearances, trade-press interviews, and the social archive are transcribed and speaker-labeled, so a quote is attributed to the person who actually said it and not to whoever was on the microphone next.

Industry podcast · episode 118 · 4 years ago
38:14Host…so when the board pushed back on the covenant package, how did you handle that internally?
38:22SubjectHonestly? We stopped telling them things they didn’t need to know until the quarter closed. You manage the board, you don’t report to it.
38:41Host[laughs] That’s one philosophy…
38:44SubjectI’m joking. Mostly. The real answer is we over-communicated and it cost us three weeks.
Analyst note: the retraction is in the transcript nineteen seconds later, and the report prints both. A clip-based tool would have handed you the first line on its own. This is graded Exposure: Low — but your board chair should hear it from you rather than from a podcast search during onboarding.

Deleted and edited posts are recovered from public web archives where a capture exists, with the capture linked so you can read the original yourself. What cannot be recovered is reported as unrecovered rather than speculated about, and no finding rests on a paraphrase of something nobody can produce.

Section 09 · Network & Interlocks

Who they are on paper with — and whether that collides with you.

Co-officers, co-directors, and co-investors are pulled from corporate registries, IRS 990 filings, and securities records to build the subject’s documented orbit. Then that orbit is run against the names you give us: your board, your cap table, your largest customers, your competitors, and anyone already under an agreement with you.

Key detail One co-director from a 2019 nonprofit board also sits on the board of your second-largest customer. That is not a conflict, and the report does not call it one. It is the kind of relationship your general counsel would rather learn about now than in a diligence request eight months from now.

The subject and their documented orbit are screened against sanctions, federal exclusion and debarment lists, and enforcement archives. A clean screen is stated affirmatively, with the number of names screened and the lists they were screened against — because “we found nothing” and “we checked forty-one names against twelve lists and found nothing” are not the same sentence.

A name appearing in a document corpus is described as exactly that: a potential same-name reference requiring identity verification. Presence in a corpus is never treated as evidence of wrongdoing.

Section 10 · Finding 1 of 2
CorroboratedExposure: MediumPrimary filing + dated trade press

Stated CFO Tenure Begins Two Years Before the Documented Record Does

What is claimed
The résumé and professional profile both state CFO, 2016–present.
What is documented
The 2017 state annual report lists the subject as controller. Two dated company announcements place the CFO appointment in 2018.
Confidence
Corroborated — the documents are primary, but see the qualifying passage in Section 11 before you treat the gap as intentional.
Exposure
Medium. A résumé date that does not survive a registry check is the single most common item raised by an activist investor or a trade reporter after an executive announcement.
Recommended use
One question in the final interview: “Walk me through the title history at your current employer.” The answer resolves this in ninety seconds, one way or the other.

Context and mitigating factors. Title conventions at privately held companies are frequently informal before a recapitalization, and a candidate performing the CFO function under a controller title is an ordinary thing rather than a suspicious one. The report says so here, in the finding itself — not in a footnote nobody reads.

Section 11 · Context That Cuts the Other Way

We argue against our own findings before your board does.

Before delivery, we re-read the sources the report itself cites and ask the opposite question: what in here supports the candidate? Unlike a speculative rebuttal, every item below is a verbatim passage from a source this report already uses.

⚠ Contradicted by our own source …several hundred entities were administratively revoked that quarter after the state migrated its filing portal…

The state’s own notice explains the 2019 dissolution as a filing-portal artifact affecting hundreds of registrants. Our first draft framed it as a lapse by the subject. It was rewritten before delivery — not after the candidate corrected us in a room.

Qualifies our claim …titles were used loosely at the company before the 2018 recapitalization…

From a trade-press profile this report cites elsewhere. It is a real explanation for the tenure discrepancy in Section 10. Ask the question; do not assume the answer. The report marks the difference in the sentence itself.

Supports the candidate …credited internally with holding the lender group together through the 2020 amendment…

From a source we pulled for the litigation section. It is the kind of thing a search firm’s reference calls rarely surface, because nobody thinks to ask the lenders.

Where a cited source has no full text captured for machine review, the report says “not machine-checked” rather than implying that it was.

Section 12 · Manual Review Required

What a human still needs to look at — and why.

SectionWhat was searchedWhat came backWhy a human should look
LitigationCounty courts in one jurisdiction from the address historyNo remote docket accessOrder a courthouse retrieval before the offer if that jurisdiction matters to you. We will arrange it; we will not pretend we already searched it.
CredentialsA second certificate listed on the professional profileThe issuing body publishes no verification pathAsk the candidate for the certificate. Absence of a public record is not evidence of fabrication.
CorporateAn officer record with a matching name in a state with no address historyIdentity not establishedDo not attribute. A false attribution here is a material error, and it is the error that ends vendor relationships.

This is the section that keeps a report honest. Null results, identity-uncertain matches, and anything resting on a single unverifiable source route here — never into a graded finding, and never into the bottom line.

Section 13 · Source Index & Delivery

Every source, hyperlinked, organized by what kind of evidence it is.

Government records and primary filings first, then named reporting, then aggregators and secondary summaries flagged for exactly what they are. A claim supported only by a source in the third tier is graded accordingly, and the grade appears next to the claim rather than in the bibliography.

Before delivery, every URL in the report is machine-checked. A dead link, a registry homepage standing in for a specific filing, or display text that does not match its destination is treated as a blocker — not as a nit to clean up in the next version.

The report ships as Word and PDF with a standalone bibliography, plus a one-page summary written to be handed to a board without translating it first, and the underlying document set so your counsel can read the filings rather than our description of them.

Illustrative excerpt — subject, figures and events are composites · Underlined phrases are live hyperlinks in the delivered report · Ships as Word and PDF, with the document set
100+Data sources checked per subject
2 minimumIndependent quality sources per finding
Every claimHyperlinked to its evidence
DaysNot the weeks a decision rarely has

From a Name to a Decision You Can Defend

A reference call tells you what four people who like the candidate are willing to say out loud. It is a useful signal and a poor substitute for the record. This is the part nobody in the process actually owns.

1

Send the name and the decision

Name, the role, the jurisdictions they have lived and worked in, and what you are about to decide — an offer, a board seat, an investment, a partnership. Send the conflict list too: your board, your cap table, your largest customers.

2

Resolve identity first

Before a single finding is written, records are matched to your subject on attributes beyond the name — or excluded, with the exclusion documented. Nothing that fails this gate reaches the report.

3

Run the record at scale

Entity registries, securities filings, dockets and court opinions, liens, property, nonprofit filings, sanctions and exclusion lists, news across hundreds of outlets, and the full public media archive including video and podcast appearances.

4

Verify, grade, and gate

An analyst reviews every finding against the qualification gates, grades it for confidence and exposure, then adversarially re-reads our own sources for anything that helps the candidate — and prints what it finds.

5

Deliver, then refresh

The report, a one-page board summary, the bibliography, and the underlying documents. Refreshed on request through the decision window, so it is still current on the day the offer goes out.

The Standard

What It Takes to Become a Graded Finding

Most screening products are graded on how much they surface. An Appointment Report is graded on how much survives — because a report with four things you can act on beats one with twenty you have to check yourself.

Start Everything the search surfaced

More than 100 data sources run across the subject and their documented orbit.

Gate 1 Identity

Every record is matched to your subject on at least two attributes beyond the name — address history, employer, age range, co-appearing entities — or it is excluded and the exclusion is written into the report.

Gate 2 Sourcing

A primary document, or two independent quality sources on the same fact. A single aggregator entry is a lead, not a finding, and it gets labeled as one.

Gate 3 Materiality

A fact is not a finding unless it bears on the decision in front of you — the role, the fiduciary duty, the counterparties, or the announcement. Interesting is not the same as material, and padding a report with the former is how vendors hide the absence of the latter.

Gate 4 Framing

Absence of evidence is not evidence. “No record found” and “has never disclosed” route to Manual Review — never into a graded finding.

Ready Decision-graded

What is left carries a confidence badge, an exposure rating, a source-quality note, and a recommended use.

Nothing that fails a gate is deleted. It routes to Manual Review Required, labeled with the reason it did not qualify — so your team sees the whole picture and makes the call itself.

Why You Can Trust It

Fast, But Never Loose

Speed is the easy part. These are the mechanisms that make a report safe to put in front of a board.

Identity Before Findings

The most expensive failure in automated research is a different person with the same name. Records are matched on attributes beyond the name or excluded — and the exclusions ship in the report, so you can see what we ruled out.

The Two-Source Rule

A primary document, or two independent quality sources on the same fact. One aggregator entry is a lead, not a finding, and the report labels it that way instead of promoting it.

Every Claim, One Click Away

Citations hyperlink the claim itself, not a source name in parentheses at the end. Your general counsel can audit any line in the report without asking us for anything.

Nulls Never Become Hits

“We found no record” is a research outcome, not a finding. It routes to Manual Review with a note on what a human should check — instead of quietly becoming “has never disclosed.”

We Argue the Other Side

Before delivery we re-read our own sources hunting for what helps the candidate, and we print what we find — including the passages that force us to soften or pull a finding.

Not a Consumer Report, and We Say So

This is public-record and reputational diligence, not an FCRA background check — and it may not be used to make an employment, credit, or housing decision on its own. We put that in the report, not only in a footer, and we will tell you when you need a licensed screener too.

The Report, the Page for the Board, and the Documents Behind Both

Everything an engagement hands your team, and how fast each piece moves.

The report

The Appointment Report

Bottom line, identity resolution, coverage and scope, credential verification, corporate and litigation footprint, graded findings, counter-context, and manual-review notes — in Word and PDF, ready to be marked up.

Days, not weeks

The summary

One page for the board

The finding set compressed to a single page written for people who will read it once, in a meeting, ten minutes before a vote — with the grades intact so nothing reads more certain than it is.

Ships with the report

The documents

Bibliography and the filings

A standalone bibliography plus the primary documents themselves — registry filings, dockets, 990s, announcements — so your counsel reads the record rather than our description of it.

Retained and re-queryable

Refresh

Through the decision window

Searches take weeks and records change inside them. The report is refreshed against the current record instead of rewritten, and it carries a research cutoff so you always know how current it is.

Anytime, until you decide

Three Ways Organizations Run a Report

Same sources, same gates — a different report depending on who the subject is and what you are about to commit to.

Pre-offer

On a finalist

The standard engagement. Run on the final one or two candidates once the shortlist is real, so the questions you still need answered land in the last interview instead of in a press cycle after the announcement.

Pre-close

On a founder or principal

Key-person diligence for an investment, an acquisition, or a partnership. The financials get audited by professionals; the person usually gets a search engine and an afternoon. This is the other half of that work.

Defensive

On your own executive

The same sources and the same gates run against someone already inside your organization — before an IPO, a public appointment, a controversy, or an activist campaign. You learn what a reporter will find while you still have time to have an answer.

How We Handle It

Fair to the Candidate, Too

These reports are about people, and a wrong one does real damage to someone who did nothing. So we report what is public, we date every finding, and we say plainly when we are not certain a record belongs to the subject rather than shipping a maybe as a fact.

We do not access private accounts, we do not present rumor or anonymous claims as findings, and we do not buy data that was not lawfully public to begin with. When something is old enough, minor enough, or explainable enough that it probably should not change your decision, the report says that too — a document you could not defend with the candidate in the room is not useful to you anyway.

An Appointment Report is reputational and public-record due diligence. It is not a consumer report under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, and it may not be used on its own to make an employment, credit, housing, or insurance decision — those require a licensed consumer reporting agency, with the notice and authorization steps that come with one. Many clients run both, and we will tell you when you need to.

Frequently Asked Questions

What exactly is an Appointment Report? +
A single written report on one person: identity resolution, career and credential verification against primary documents, corporate and regulatory footprint, litigation history, public statements including video and podcast appearances, and network interlocks run against your own conflict list. Every finding is dated, sourced, graded for confidence and exposure, and reviewed by a human analyst before delivery. It ships with a one-page board summary, a bibliography, and the underlying documents.
Is this a background check? +
No, and the distinction matters legally. An Appointment Report is public-record and reputational due diligence. It is not a consumer report under the Fair Credit Reporting Act and may not be used on its own to make an employment, credit, housing, or insurance decision — those require a licensed consumer reporting agency, with candidate notice, authorization, and adverse-action procedures. Most clients run both: a licensed screener for the compliance-governed check, and this for the part a database screen does not cover.
How is this different from what our search firm already does? +
A search firm runs reference calls and, increasingly, a database screen. Reference calls tell you what people who like the candidate will say on the record, which is a real signal and a poor substitute for the record itself. A database screen returns hits without resolving whether they belong to your candidate. This is the third thing: primary documents pulled and read, résumé claims checked against filings, every record identity-matched before it is reported, and the whole media archive read rather than keyword-scanned. It is also worth noting that the firm placing the candidate is not a neutral party to what diligence turns up.
Does the candidate know we ran this? +
Not from us. The report goes to whoever commissioned it, and we do not contact the subject, their employer, or their references. Whether you raise a finding with the candidate is your call — and in practice most findings are a question worth asking rather than a reason to walk. Note that if you decide to use the material as part of a formal background check, the notice and authorization requirements of that process apply and are yours to run.
How do you keep AI from making things up? +
Every claim is pinned to a source before any prose is written, and citations hyperlink the claim itself so you can click through and check it. A graded finding requires a primary document or two independent quality sources, and every record must clear identity matching before it is eligible at all. Every URL is machine-verified before delivery. Anything that cannot be sourced is cut or routed to Manual Review rather than asserted — and an analyst reads the flagged material before it reaches you.
What if there is nothing to find? +
You get a report that says so, with the receipts. It names every source checked and what each returned, including the ones that came back empty, so a clean record reads as a verified result rather than as a gap in the work. That is the most common outcome and it is worth having in writing: “we checked forty-one names against twelve screening lists and found nothing” is a defensible sentence in a board minute. “Nothing came up” is not.
Can you run a whole slate of finalists? +
Yes. Slates run in parallel rather than one subject at a time, and you get a comparison summary showing which candidates are clear, which have a question worth asking in the final interview, and which need a closer look before an offer goes out. Running the slate rather than only the front-runner also removes the awkwardness of having diligenced one person and not the others.

“An executive announcement takes one press release to make and a full quarter to unmake.”

Run the Report Before the Offer

Send us one name to see the format, or a finalist slate to see the scale. We will walk you through a real report first — including the sections most screening products do not have — so you know exactly what you are buying.

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